REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF ADOLESCENT GIRLS IS A MEDICAL AND SOCIAL ISSUE

Main Article Content

1Ryskeldiyeva K., 2Shukenova E., 1Zhaxybergenov A., 1Zholymbekova L., 1Ishigov I., 3Kemelbekov K., 1Tuktibayeva S.

Keywords

adolescent girls, reproductive health, ecology, extragenital pathology, dysmenorrhea, vulvovaginitis.

Abstract

. Background:It is now known the reproductive health of adolescent girls is declining. Therefore, in this article, a prospective cohort study of adolescent girls aged 7-19 living in the Turkestan region was conducted in order to identify the reproductive pathology of girls living in the Turkestan region and the main issues leading to reduced reproductive health. Material and Methods: This work was conducted on the basis of a special survey of high school girls in Turkestan region. The total number of girls is 5721. The design of the study used the method of population research of prospective cohorts. Results. The results of the study were analyzed and the main factors leading to a decrease in reproductive health of adolescent girls were identified. The relationship between the main factors affecting reproductive health was also analyzed. Conclusion. Adolescent girls living in environmentally unfavorable areas have a higher incidence of extragenital pathology, menstrual disorders and inflammatory diseases.

Downloads

References


1. Marisa M. Fisher and Erica A. Eugster What are in our environment that effects puberty? //Reproductive Toxicology. – 2014- Vol. 44. P. 7–14. doi:10.1016 2. Hatami H, Razavi M, Eftekhar Ardabily H, Majlesi F. The textbook of public health. 3rd ed. Tehran: Arjomand publition; 2013. p. 238–40. 3. L’Engle KL, Mangone ER, Parcesepe AM, Agarwal S, Ippoliti NB. Mobile phone interventions for adolescent sexual and reproductive health: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2016;138(3):e20160884. 4. Poteat VP, Russell ST, Dewaele A. Sexual health risk behavior disparities among male and female adolescents using identity and behavior indicators of sexual orientation. Arch Sex Behav. 2019;48(4):1087–97. 5. R.W. Blum, K. Mmari, C. MoreauIt begins at 10: How gender expectations shape early adolescence around the world J Adolesc Health, 61 (4S) (2017), pp. S3-S4 6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. STDs in Adolescents and Young Adults. 2017. https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats17/adolescents.htm. Accessed 19 Jan 2020. 7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually transmitted diseases. Washington: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2014. http://www. cdc.gov/std//STDFact-Chlamydia.htm. Accessed 19 Jan 2020. 8. Flowers P, Barber T, BSocStud, HW, Nelson M, Hedge B, Fakoya A, Sullivan 1. AK. Review of the evidence for the UK national guidelines on safer sex advice. The Clinical Effectiveness Group of the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) and the British HIV Association (BHIVA). 2012. Accessed 19 Jan 2020. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Review-of- the-evidence-for-the-UK-national-on-safer-Flowers-Barber/56882c62104fe071 97cea5219930f11b25088dcf 9. Sully EA, Atuyambe L, Bukenya J, Whitehead HS, Blades N, Bankole A. Estimating abortion incidence among adolescents and differences in postabortion care by age: a cross-sectional study of postabortion care patients in Uganda. Contraception. 2018;98(6):510–6. 10. Moni SA, Nair MK, Devi RS. Pregnancy among unmarried adolescents and young adults. J Obstetrics Gynecol India. 2013;63(1):49–54. 11. Adamyan L. V., Sibirskaya E. V., Bogdanova E. A., Koltunov I. E. and other Reproductive health of girls and girls in Moscow. Proposals for the preservation of reproductive potential // Reproduct. Health of children and adolescents. 2016. No. 2. P. 13-14. 12. Uvarova E.V., Tarusin D.I., Kuchma V.R., Sukhareva L.M. and other Prevention of reproductive health disorders in children and adolescents // Vopr. school and university medicine and health. 2018. No. 2. P.45-62. 13. Utochkin Yu.A., Vysotin S.A., Sayfitova A.T., Ochkova A.A. and other Assessment of the awareness of senior pupils about the risks of reproductive health // Intern. student scientific. vestn. 2019.No. 1.P. 12. 14. Semchenko L.N., Gerasimova O.Yu. Reproductive behavior of adolescents and the leading risk factors shaping their reproductive health // Continuous medical education and science. 2017.Vol. 12, No. 2. P. 34–35. 15. Vorobieva E.A., Kocherova O.Yu., Pykhtina L.A., Filkina O.M. and other Features of morbidity and physical development of adolescents 15–17 years old with different rates of puberty // Vestn. new medical technologies. 2007. V. 14, No. 2. P. 54–56. 16. A. N. Pavlova 1, V.I. Makarova 2 The state of health of adolescents living in an ecologically unfavorable area ISSN 2409-563x. medicus. 2015. No. 3 (3). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. STDs in Adolescents and Young Adults. 2017. 17. Yastrebov G.G., Life Safety and Medicine catastrophes: textbook. allowance. - M.: Ed. 9th, 2014 .-- 414 p. 18. Onishchenko G.G., Zaitseva N.V., May I.V. and others Health risk analysis in strategies of state socio-economic development; under total.ed. G.G. Onishchenko, N.V. Zaitseva // Perm: Publishing house of Perm. nat. issled. polytechnic University, 2014 .-- 738 p. 19. Abilhas, A. A. Problems of reproductive health among youth and adolescents [Text] / A. A. Abilhas, N. M. Apen, A. G. Shamsutdinova et al. // International Journal of Applied and Fundamental Research. - 2016. - No. 8-4. - S. 519 - 521. 20. Chen, Y. Update on pubertal development among primary school students in Shanghai [Text] / Y. Chen, Y. T. Zhang, С. Chen et al. // Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. – 2016. – №50 (11). – Р.971 – 975.. 21. Avni Amin, Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli Empowering adolescent girls: developing egalitarian gender norms and relations to end violenc // Reproductive Health.- 2014. – Vol.5. -P.11:75 22. Shilova, O. Yu. Features of the physical and sexual development of adolescent girls in modern conditions [Text] / O. Yu. Shilova // Siberian Bulletin of Special Education. - 2015. - No. 2. - S. 120 - 124. 23. Avni Amin, Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli Empowering adolescent girls: developing egalitarian gender norms and relations to end violenc // Reproductive Health. 2014. Vol. 5. -P.11: 75 2. 24. Globalnaya strategiya sektora zdravookhraneniya po infektsiyam, peredavaemym polovym putem 2016–2021 na puti k likvidatsii IPPP [Global health sector strategy on sexually transmitted infections 2016-2021 towards the elimination of STIs]. VOZ, 2016; 64. 24. Globalnoe issledovanie zdorovya shkolnikov, Tadzhikistan 2006 [A global study of the health of pupils, Tajikistan 2006]. Dushanbe, Tadzhikistan, 2006; 34. 25. Serov V.N., Sukhikh G.T. Unwanted pregnancy and forced abortion: modern methods of abortion. In obstetrics and gynecology: Clinical guidelines. M .; 2014: 627—607 26. Azzopardi PS, Hearps SJC, Francis KL, et al. Progress in adolescent health and wellbeing: Tracking 12 headline indicators for 195 countries and territories, 1990e2016. Lancet 2019;393:1101e18. 27. V. Gangwar, D. Kumar, R. Gangwar, R. Gangwar, M. Arya, H. Banoo, Prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea among the undergraduate medical students and its impact on their performance in study, Int. J. Physiol. 2 (1) (2014) 14–18. 28. S. Pullon, J. Reinken, M. Sparrow, Prevalence of dysmenorrhoea in Wellington women, N Z Med. J. 101 (839) (1988) 52–54. 29. K. Messing, M.J. Saurel-Cubizolles, M. Bourgine, et al., Factors associated with dysmenorrhea among workers in French poultry slaughterhouses and canneries, J. Occup. Med. 35 (5) (1993) 493–500. 30. G. Sundell, I. Milsom, B. Andersch, Factors influencing the prevalence and severity of dysmenorrhoea in young women, Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 97 (7) (1990) 588–594. 31. G.D. Mishra, A.J. Dobson, M.J. Schofield, Cigarette smoking, menstrual symptoms and miscarriage among young women, Aust. N Z J. Public Health 24 (4) (2000) 413–420. 32. T.P. Ng, N.C. Tan, G.K. Wansaicheong, A prevalence study of dysmenorrhoea in female residents aged 15–54 years in Clementi Town, Singapore, Ann. Acad. Med. Singapore 21 (3) (1992) 323–327. 33. N. Parveen, R. Majeed, U.D.M. Rajar, Familial predisposition of dysmenorrhea among the medical students, Pak. J. Med. Sci. 25 (5) (2009) 857–860. 34. V. B. Rystygulova The deformation problem of a circular elastic flexible plate under variable load January 2014 Mechanika 19(6) DOI: 10.5755/j01.mech.19.6.6013 35. Tuktibayeva S.A., Кemelbekov K.S., Baimakhanova B.B., Mustafina K.A., Jumabekov J.K., Bekenov N.N. Modern Assessment of correlation interconnection in childrens morbidity and dangerous factors in the Turkestan region // Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health.-2019.-№1.-Р.S805-18. ISSN 1755-6783 36. Tuktibaeva S. A., Buleshov M. A., Abdrakhmanova Z. B., Mustafina K. A., Buleshova a.m., Ivanov S. V., Kalmakhanov S. B., grzhibovsky a.m. incidence of child injuries in the South Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2012-2016 // Human ecology. 2018. No. 11. Pp. 4-9. ISSN 1728-0869 37. Buleshov M.A., Atymbetova N., Buleshova A. M., Tuktibaeva S.A. Features of immunological and nonspecific reactivity of the organism, clinical flow of chronic obstructive bronchitis based on the estimation of quality and quantitative composition of microelements (me) in the blood // Revista Latinoamericana de Hepertension.-2019- Vol.14-№ 4. P.265-269. ISSN 1856-4550 38. Tuktibaуeva S.A., M. A. Buleshov, A. M. Buleshova, A. A. Zhaksylyk, B. O. Ashirov, A. K. Ilimova, U. Yu. Chulpanov Scientific substantiation of medico-social prevention of digestive diseases in schoolchildren on the basis of the prediction table // Electronic Journal of General Medicine.-2019;16(6):em180 ISSN:2516-3507 39. Tuktibaуeva S.A., M. A. Buleshov, D. M. Buleshov, Zh. A. Yermakhanova, T. B. Dauitov, S. N. Alipbekova, A. M. Buleshova The choice of treatment for myocardial infarction based on individual cardiovascular risk and symptoms of coronary heart disease // Electronic Journal of General Medicine.-2019;16(6):em183 ISSN:2516-3507. 40. OZA, D. P. (2018). Aesthetics of Sublime V/S Subliminal: Comparison and Contrast in Dalit Writings. Dr. Vivekanand Jha, 3(1), 132. 41. Oza, P. (2018). Neo-Liberal Ideologies in Higher Education. Higher v/s Hired Education, 41. 42. Oza, P. Role of Buddhism in Transforming Social Dogmas: Dhamma and Social Justice for Dalits in India. 43. Oza, P. (2019). Employability Enhancement through Teaching Creative Writing in the Time of Autodidact Talent. 44. Oza, P. (2021). Buddhist Iconography and Religious Symbolism in different Buddhist Statues. Available at SSRN 3842904. 45. Oza, P. (2019). Buddhism in Modern India: Assertion of Identity and Authority for Dalits (Social Changes and Cultural History). GAP BODHI TARU-A GLOBAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES, 2(3), 46-49. 46. Oza, P. (2018). Gagged Narratives from the Margin: Indian Films and the Shady Representation of Caste. GAP Gyan-A Global Journal of Social Sciences, 2. 47. Oza, P. (2022). Buddhism and Social Relational Theories From India to the World. Available at SSRN 4036069. 48. Oza, P. (2020). Film and Literature. Mumbai, India: ResearchGate. 49. Oza, P. (2019). „Little Magazines in India and Emergence of Dalit Literature.‟. GAP Interdisciplinarities-A Global Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies. 50. Akpah, B. (2019). Land of Tales (Poetry Collection) Ibadan: Kraftbooks. Pgs.1-100 51. Akpah, B. C. (2020). Poetics of Advocacy: Womanhood and Feminist Identity in Patricia Jabbeh Wesley’s Where the Road Turns. 52. Akpah, B. C. (2018). Voice of liberation: A womanist reading of Lynn Chukura’s Archetyping’. Literary and Linguistic Perspective on Orality, Literacy and Gender Studies: A Celebration of Oluwatoyin Jegede, 60, 221-234. 53. Akpah, B. C. (2018). Satire, humour and parody in 21st Century Nigerian women’s poetry. The European Journal of Humour Research, 6(4), 133-144. 54. Akpah, B.C. (2018). X-raying contemporary consciousness in the poetics of Northern Nigerian women. Ife Journal of Language and Literature. Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria. www.http//www.oauife.edu.ng ISSN: 2467-8635 pg 188-203. 55. Akpah, B.C., Jayeoba, O.O & Sonde, O. S. (2018). Traditional African nidation in works of selected contemporary African poets Journal of Capital Development and Behavioural Sciences Vol. 6 Issue One. Ibadan: Lead City University Press. Pp.85-100. 56. Akpah, B.C & Jayeoba, O. S. (2018). Overview and tracking of modern African poetry Journal of Capital Development and Behavioural Sciences Vol. 6 No.2 ISSN: 2449-0679 Ibadan: Lead City University Press. pp. 127-144 57. Akpah, B.C., & Ade Adejumo (2016). Migration, Peripheralism and Dilemma of Being: A Post-colonial Reading of Adichie’s The thing around our neck. Africa: Journal of Contemporary Issues. Vol. 14. No. 14. 58. Akpah, B.C. (2018). Comparative feminist perspectives in Lola Shoneyin’s So All the Time I 59. Was Sitting on an Egg and Halima Usman’s Spellbound in Language and Literature for Communication in Humanities Societies: Papers in Honour of Late Dr. Elizabeth Amagah. Port-Novo: Africatex Media Pp.119-134. 60. Akpah, B.C. (2018). Voice of liberation: A womanist reading of Lynn Chukura’s Archetyping. Festschrift Essays in Honour of Professor Oluwatoyin Jegede @60. Ibadan: Kraft Books Pp. 61-69. 61. Akpah, B.C (2019). Empowerment in Nigerian women’s poetics. Perspectives on Language, Literature & Human Rights: Essays in Honour of Professor Florence Onyebuchi Orabueze. (Eds) Chukwumezie, T. M. E, Ogenyi, L.C, Ononye, C.F, Ejesu, O.A. Pp.89-110. 62. Akpah, B. C. (2022). Poetics of peacebuilding and reconciliation: a socio-feminist reading of Mabel Osakwe’s Dessert of Blooms International Conference of Gender Studies in Africa (Book of Abstracts) (ed.) Ssali, S. N. Makarere University School of Women and Gender Studies https://events.mak.ac.ug// 63. Akpah, B.C. (2022). Negotiating National Cohesion and the Rhetoric of Herdsmen Attack in Ahmed Yerima’s Hendu Canadian Association of African Studies 2022 (May 16-19, 2022 - Virtual) https://caas-acea.org