RECENT ADVANCEMENT OF BIOACTIVE COMPOSITE COATED TITANIUM FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
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Keywords
Titanium, stainless steel, Surgeries, Chitosan, Young's modulus and alloy
Abstract
The growth in senior population has led to a rising need for greater quality of life promoting utilisation of implant materials. The requirement in procedures such as hip replacement, knee replacement, etc., is predicted to witness a manifold growth in future. The essential need of any implant (Ti, Mg, Steel, etc) is to operate effectively inside the human body for the desired application i.e., the implant material and the tissue environment of the body should not endure any unwanted or poisonous consequence. Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are frequently utilised as implant materials owing to their outstanding biocompatibility, strength, corrosion resistance and longevity compared to other alloys such as 316, 316L stainless steel, Mg and Co-Cr steels. Nevertheless, Ti and its alloys are bio-inert in nature. The inclusion of Ti in the body as implant material is followed with stress shielding effect at the implant interface owing to its difference in mechanical characteristics compared to the host bones. The mismatch between the Young's modulus of Ti implant and host bones produces adverse resorptive bone remodelling, wearing, loosening and thus failure of the implant. Additionally, the bio-inert Ti surfaces are not adequately bioactive and so surface modification is necessary to promote the bioactivity and osseo integration with bone tissues. The primary objective of this work is to develop PPy bioactive composite coating by incorporating Chitosan (CHI) and Graphene oxide (GO) in PPy matrix using electrical and chemical methods for enhancing the biocompatibility and augmentation of the corrosion resistance property of Ti for biomedical applications.
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