SIGNALING PATHWAY OF CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLE AS PROTECTOR AGAINST HEPATIC CELL DAMAGE IN DIABETIC RATS
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Background and aim of the work: Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) play an important on diabetes complications such as liver cell damage. Furthermore, chitosan nanoparticles which has anti-ROS activity is necessary to prevent liver damage. In this current study, we want to prove the antioxidant activity of chitosan nanoparticles can protect the liver in rats induced by streptozotocin. Research design and methods: In this study, Chitosan nanoparticles are made utilizing the high-energy ball milling. Then characterize the size of the chitosan nanoparticles with Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). There were five groups which each group consisting of 8 rats. Control rats: rats were administered aqua dest, Diabetic rats: rats were injected with streptozotocin (STZ), Chitosan nanoparticles rats: rats were injected with streptozotocin and administered chitosan nanoparticle. At the end of the study, rat blood was taken intracardially to measure levels of Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP). Then the liver tissue was collected for determining levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx). Sections of the liver were examined for histopathological changes. Results: Chitosan nanoparticles with a size 79.02 ± 22.98nm were examined using DLS. Administration of Chitosan nanoparticles significantly decreased the levels of ALT, AST, ALP in serum and MDA in liver tissue. Furthermore, the Chitosan nanoparticle treatment significantly increments SOD and GPx compared to the diabetic rat group. These effects are related to the prevention of histopathological alteration (fatty degeneration and necrosis) in diabetic rats. Conclusions: The result of this study could be concluded that the hepatoprotective effect of Chitosan nanoparticles against STZ-induced liver damage be mediated by anti-ROS activity.
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