UPDATED INSIGHTS INTO THE ROLE OF PALATAL RUGAE IN GENDER DETERMINATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
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Abstract
Background: The distinctiveness of palatal rugae can serve as a means of identifying individuals, much like fingerprints, and can be useful even when variations exist in different populations. However, despite its effectiveness in identification, it is not a reliable tool for determining gender. This investigation examines the controversial use of palatal rugae in gender discrimination. Materials and Methods: The search terms related to palatal rugae and sex determination were utilized to search through several databases, including PubMed Central, SCOPUS, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar, spanning from 2018 to 2023. After analyzing the abstracts of 102 articles, 5 articles were ultimately included in the study. Results: In this study, 1,248 participants took part, including 638 females and 610 males. Significant variations were detected between the genders in terms of the quantity, length, and configuration of palatal rugae patterns across different studies. Conclusion: During our analysis, we noted that the patterns of rugae on the palate differed between females and males, with males exhibiting a predominant pattern compared to females. However, it should be noted that palatal rugae should not be relied upon solely as a method of gender discrimination.
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