@article{Margarucci_Montanari_Gianfranceschi_Caprara_Valeriani_Piccolella_Lombardi_Scaramucci_Romano Spica_2021, title={The role of vitamin D in prevention OF COVID-19 and its severity: an umbrella review: Vitamin D versus COVID-19: an Umbrella review}, volume={92}, url={https://mattioli1885journals.com/index.php/actabiomedica/article/view/12216}, DOI={10.23750/abm.v92iS6.12216}, abstractNote={<p><em>Background and aim. </em>Vitamin D is known to modulate immune response and its deficiency was associated with respiratory distress in patients hospitalized for pneumonia. Nevertheless, numerous reviews on vitamin D in COVID-19 patients have shown conflicting results, as previously reported also for other respiratory diseases (e.g., influenza). <em>Methods. </em>This umbrella review aims to assess whether low serum 25-OHD is associated with susceptibility to COVID 19, their severity, and mortality. A total of 1559 studies were excluded after the title, abstract and full-text articles screening and 9 papers were included in this review: 2 systematic reviews and 7 metanalysis. <em>Results.</em> The findings of this review that summarized studies from 5 WHO regions (European Region, Region of the Americas, South-East Asia Region, Eastern Mediterranean Region, Western Pacific Region) to exclusion only African region, show that low serum 25-OHD levels are associated with higher infection risks for COVID-19. <em>Conclusions</em>. Although the umbrella findings indicate a potential role of vitamin D deficiency in COVID-19 severity in hospitalized patients and showing an association between Vitamin D supplementation and COVID-19 severity, however, more robust data from randomized controlled trials are further needed to confirm a possible association with the mortality rates.</p>}, number={S6}, journal={Acta Biomedica Atenei Parmensis}, author={Margarucci, Lory Marika and Montanari, Enrico and Gianfranceschi, Gianluca and Caprara , Claudio and Valeriani, Federica and Piccolella, Antonio and Lombardi, Valentina and Scaramucci, Elena and Romano Spica, Vincenzo}, year={2021}, month={Oct.}, pages={e2021451} }