PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES OF CORYMBIA CITRIODORA
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Keywords
Corymbia citriodora, Antioxidant activity, Anti-inflammatory activity, Phytochemical analysis, Protein denaturation inhibition
Abstract
Background and aim - Corymbia citriodora (lemon-scented gum) is traditionally used for treating inflammation and infections. Its leaves are rich in bioactive compounds like flavonoids and terpenoids, known for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Despite its medicinal use, further studies are needed to identify and confirm its key phytochemicals and biological activities. Aim-To investigate the phytochemical composition of Corymbia citriodora and evaluate its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties to validate its traditional uses and explore therapeutic potential. Methods: The leaves of Corymbia citriodora were collected, dried, powdered, and subjected to solvent extraction using Methonol, Water, n-Hexane, and Acetone. Phytochemical analysis was conducted to detect major compounds. Qualitative tests identified groups like alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, and terpenoids. Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH, Phosphomolybdenum assay, and FRAP assays to determine the extracts’ free radical scavenging potential. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated through protein denaturation inhibition tests. All experiments were performed in triplicate, and statistical analysis was conducted using ANOVA, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Qualitative phytochemical screening of various Corymbia citriodora extracts confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, phenols, tannins, and glycosides. Antioxidant assays (FRAP, phosphomolybdenum, and DPPH) showed the highest activity in methanol extracts compared to water, n-hexane, and acetone. Methanol extracts also exhibited the most effective inhibition of heat-induced protein denaturation, followed by water, n-hexane, and acetone. At 100 µg/mL, inhibition percentages were 78 ± 0.27 (methanol), 71 ± 1.06 (water), 64 ± 1.36% (n-hexane), 53 ± 1.04% (acetone), and 81 ± 1.36% (diclofenac sodium). Conclusions: The phytochemical evaluation of Corymbia citriodora revealed significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, highlighting its pharmacological potential. Advanced phytochemical strategies could help develop these components into marketable drugs
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