ASSESSMENT OF NURSING PRACTICES TO PREVENT VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Main Article Content
Keywords
Assessment, Intensive care unit, Nursing practices, Ventricular associated pneumonia
Abstract
Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia, a common cause of mortality and morbidity, is commonly seen among patients with endotracheal intubation due to unsafe suctioning practices by health professionals. Aim: Assess nursing practices to prevent ventricular associated pneumonia in intensive care unit Methods: The study was conducted Intensive Care Units at Assuit University Hospital, Egypt, prospective observational design was used, 75 nurses and patients at Intensive Care Units. Three tools were used, nurses self-administered questionnaire, an observational checklists to assess nurses' practice regarding endotracheal suctioning insertion and care, and patient outcomes. Results: About 57.3% of them had unsatisfactory level of practices regarding endotracheal suctioning. About 58.7% of the studied patients had pain after endotracheal tube suction. About 26.7% of them had urinary tract infection after urinary catheter suction. About 46.7% of the studied patients stayed from 10-30 days in the ICU. Also 21.3% of them had a ventricular associated pneumonia. Conclusions: Most of the studied nurses had unsatisfactory practices regarding ETT suctioning. These findings may have a negative effect on patients' outcomes. And more than one fifths of the studied patients had Ventilator-associated pneumonia. Recommendations: Critically ill nurses need a training program application to improve their practice regarding ETT suctioning to improve health for large numbers of critically ill patients, prevent complications and significantly saving costs.
Downloads
References
• Al-Harthi, F., Al-Noumani, H., Matua, G. A., Al-Abri, H., & Joseph, A. (2025). Nurses' compliance to ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention bundle and its effect on patient outcomes in intensive care units. Nursing in critical care, 30(3), e70043. https://doi.org/10.1111/nicc.70043 • Alkubati, S. A., Al-Sayaghi, K. M., Alrubaiee, G. G., Hamid, M. A., Saleh, K. A., Al-Qalah, T., & Al-Sadi, A. K. (2022). Adherence of critical care nurses to endotracheal suctioning guidelines: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nursing, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-022-01092-w • Alnaeem, M., & Abuatallah, A. (2019). Invasive Procedures and Length of Stay among Critically Ill Patients in ICU over Three Years: A Retrospective Study. Open Journal of Nursing, 9(2), 765–778. • Aziz Mamdouh, E., Shehata Mohamed, H., & Abdallah Abdelatief, D. (2020). Assessment of Nurses’ Performance Regarding the Implementation of Patient Safety Measures in Intensive Care Units. In Egyptian Journal of Health Care (Vol. 11, Issue 1, pp. 82–100). https://doi.org/10.21608/ejhc.2020.72596 • Chen, W., Hu, S., Liu, X., Wang, N., Zhao, J., Liu, P., Chen, K., & Hu, J. (2021). Intensive care nurses’ knowledge and practice of evidence-based recommendations for endotracheal suctioning: a multisite cross-sectional study in Changsha, China. In BMC Nursing (Vol. 20, Issue 1, pp. 1–12). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00715-y • Colombage, T. D., & Goonewardena, C. S. (2020). Knowledge and practices of nurses caring for patients with endotracheal tube admitted to intensive care units in national hospital of Sri Lanka. Sri Lankan Journal of Anaesthesiology, 28(2), 94–100. https://doi.org/10.4038/slja.v28i2.8541 • Dsouza, R., Spillman, D. R., Jr, Barkalifa, R., Monroy, G. L., Chaney, E. J., Johnson, M. A., White, K. C., & Boppart, S. A. (2021). Efficacy of endotracheal tube suctioning in intubated intensive care unit patients determined by in vivo catheter-based optical coherence tomography-a pilot study. Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery, 11(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.21037/qims-20-549 • Eid, M., ŢÂNŢU, M. – M., Sultan, M., & Kandeel, N. (2022). Suction System Flushing with Chlorhexidine and Prevention of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia: Current Evidence. Mansoura Nursing Journal, 9(2), 69–86. https://doi.org/10.21608/mnj.2022.293710 • El-Shamly, M. M. M., Al-Zohairy, Y. Z. A., Abu-sheir, O. O. M., & Abbas, W. H. E. (2024). Study of Incidence, Risk factors and Outcomes of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia. Al-Azhar International Medical Journal, 5(11), 7–15. • Elmansy, F. M., Elbqry Goda, M., Aly, A. A. N., Nader, A. H., Eaid, A. I., & Elgazzar, S. (2024). Intensive Care Nurses’ Performance of Open versus Closed Endotracheal Suction on Critically Ill Patients in Ismailia City. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 11(7), 590–596. • Krone, M., Seeber, C., & Nydahl, P. (2024). Preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia non-pharmacologically. Intensive Care Medicine, 3(50), 2185–2187. • Mayez, O. K., Atty, O., & YosreahMohamedMohamed. (2022). Nurses Performance Regarding Invasive Procedures in Intensive Care Unit. Egyptian Journal OfHealth Care, 13(2), 1–15. • Mitchell, B. G., Russo, P. L., Cheng, A. C., Stewardson, A. J., Rosebrock, H., Curtis, S. J., Robinson, S., & Kiernan, M. (2019). Strategies to reduce non-ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia: A systematic review. Infection, disease & health, 24(4), 229–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2019.06.002 • Mohammed, M. B., Ella, N. M. A., Mohamed, F. E. H., & Karama, B. K. A. (2025). Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Prevention of Ventilator- Associated Pneumonia (VAP) Among Critically Ill Patients in Omdurman Teaching Hospital 2023. Egyptian Journal of Health Care, 16(1), 906–913. • Raoof, A. A., & Baeez, Y. K. (2024). The Nurses’ Knowledge Regarding Endotracheal Suctioning at Critical Care Unit of Kirkuk Teaching Hospital, Iraq. The Malaysian Journal of Nursing, 16(2), 1–10. • Saber, M. E. S., Ali, A. F. A., & Rahman, H. A. A. El. (2023). Critical Care Nurses’ Practice of Endotracheal Tube Suctioning in Intensive Care Units: an Observational Study. Mansoura Nursing Journal, 10(1), 461–474. https://doi.org/10.21608/mnj.2023.322074 • Weheida, S. M., Omran, E. S., & Taha, A. S. (2022). Effect of Designed Bundle Protocol about Ventilator Associated Pneumonia on Nurses’ Performance, Compliance, and Patient Outcomes. In Evidence-Based Nursing Research (Vol. 4, Issue 3, pp. 71–85). https://doi.org/10.47104/ebnrojs3.v4i3.251 • Yazdannik, A., Atashi, V., & Ghafari, S. (2018). Performance of ICU nurses in providing respiratory care. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 23(3), 178–182. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_205_16 • Zainib, T., Afzal, M., Sarwar, H., & Waqas, A. (2018). The Gap between Knowledge and Practices in Standard Endotracheal Suctioning of Intensive Care Unit Nurses in Children’s Hospital Lahore. Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3(6), 454–463. • Zeb, A., Shams-ul-Haq, Ali, F., Hussain, N., Shah, S. H. A., & Faisal, S. (2018). Knowledge and Practice of ICU Nurses Regarding Endotracheal Suctioning in Tertiary Care Hospitals, Peshawar. JOJ Nurse Health Care, 2(4), 1–5.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Transfer of Copyright and Permission to Reproduce Parts of Published Papers.
Authors retain the copyright for their published work. No formal permission will be required to reproduce parts (tables or illustrations) of published papers, provided the source is quoted appropriately and reproduction has no commercial intent. Reproductions with commercial intent will require written permission and payment of royalties.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.