FACILE GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AG-CU-ZN NANOPARTICLES USING CORDIA SEBESTENA L. FLOWER EXTRACT AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY
Main Article Content
Keywords
Synthesis, Cordia sebestina, Ag-Cu-ZnNPs, Characterization, Antimicrobial Efficacy, Human Pathogens.
Abstract
This investigation reports on the green synthesis of selected nanoparticles (CuSo4, ZnSo4, AgNo3) using the flowers of Cordia sebestena and were subjected to comprehensive characterization through various techniques. In the UV-visible spectrum analysis, the silver nanoparticles exhibited maximum absorption at 240 nm followed by copper nanoparticles exhibited their absorbance peak at 280 nm and zinc nanoparticles displayed their peak at 310 nm. XRD analysis indicated that the silver particles generated in our experiments existed in the form of nanocrystals, as evidenced by peaks at 2𝜃 values of 7.7440, 15.1928, 19.1919, 21.1040, 23.5136, 26.731, and 31.4932, corresponding to heights of 13.71, 30.89, 232.79, 368.01, 216.01, 66.91, and 197.92 counts, respectively. Copper particles exhibited peaks at 2𝜃 values of 5.4670, 9.4437, 11.6355, 15.6593, 18.8709, 20.7264, and 23.0335 with heights of 15.88, 41.72, 109.27, 37.58, 102.33, 197.10 and 53.14 counts, respectively. Zinc particles displayed peaks at 2𝜃 values of 9.1935, 13.1814, 14.2828, 16.3701, 19.3166, 21.2627, and 22.4356 with heights of 115.48, 72.72, 97.51, 160.30, 577.17, 1059.99 and 446.48 counts, respectively. SEM spectral analysis revealed the slices of sticks, with cube shape structure distribution of silver nanoparticles among the surface within a size range spanning from 2 μm to 200 nm. The antimicrobial efficacy of metallic nanoparticles derived from Cordia sebestena was evaluated using the disc diffusion method against both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens, including E.coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, as well as the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Candida albicans. Remarkably, metallic Ag, Cu, and Zn nanoparticles exhibited substantial zones of inhibition against the selected pathogens, with the highest inhibition zone observed in copper and silver nanoparticles. Keywords: Synthesis, Cordia sebestena, Ag-Cu-ZnNPs, Characterization, Antimicrobial Efficacy, Human Pathogens.
Downloads
References
1. Absar, A, Shankar, S and Murali, S. 2003. Geranium leaf biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles, Biotechnology prog, vol. 19, pp. 1627–31. 2. Amin M, Anwar, F, Janjua, MRSA, Iqbal, MA and Rashid, U. 2012. Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles through Reduction with Solanum xanthocarpum L. Berry Extract: Characterization, Antimicrobial and Urease Inhibitory Activities against Helicobacter pylori, Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol. 13, pp. 9923-9941. 3. Anonymous, 2002. The Drugs and Cosmetics Act and Rule, (The Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940. The Drugs and Cosmetics Rule 1945), Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, vol. 2, pp. 5. 4. Ashok kumar, S, Ravi, S, Kathiravan, V and Velmurugan, S. 2015. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using A. indicum leaf extract and their antibacterial activity. Spectrochim, Acta A, Mol.Biomol. Spectrosc., vol. 134, pp. 34-39. 5. Bauer, A.W, Kirby, W.M Sherris, J. C and Turck M. 1966. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. Am J Clin Pathol Apr; 45(4):493-6. 6. Bhati, M., & Rai, R. (2018). Nano-phytoremediation application for water contamination. Phytoremediation: Management of Environmental Contaminants, Volume 6, 441-452. 7. Davis, J. 1994. Inactivation of antibiotics and the dissemination of resistance genes. Science, vol. 264, pp. 375-382. 8. Devaraj P., Kumari P., Aarti C., & Renganathan A. (2013). Synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using cannonball leaves and their cytotoxicity activity against MCF- 7 cell line. Journal of Nanotechnology, 2013. 9. Hashemian Rahaghi SH, Poursalehi R, Miresmaeili R.ScienceDirect Optical Properties of Ag-Cu Alloy Nanoparticles Synthesized by DC Arc Discharge in Liquid. Procedia Mater Sci. 2015;11:738-742. doi:10.1016/j.mspro.2015.11.062. 10. Mathew K..M 1981. The Flora of the Tamil Nadu Carnatic, 2; 1459-1460. 11. Mulvaney, P. 1996. Surface plasmon spectroscopy of nanosized metal particles. Langmuir. 12, 788. 12. Palani G., Arputhalatha A., Kannan K., Lakkaboyana S. K., Hanafiah M. M., Kumar V., & Marella R. K. (2021). Current trends in the application of nanomaterials for the removal of pollutants from industrial wastewater treatment-a review. Molecules, 26(9), 2799. 13. Parameswari, E., Udayasoorian, C., Sebastian, S.P., and Jayabalakrishnan, R.M. 2010. The Bactericidal Potential of Silver Nanoparticles. International Research Journal of Biotechnology, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 044-049. 14. Phanjomet, P., Borthakur M., Das R., Dey S., & Bhuyan T. (2012). Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using leaf extract of Amaranthus viridis. Int J. Nanotechnol Appl, 6, 53-59. 15. Ruparelia, J.P., Chatterjee, A.K., Duttagupta, S.P., and Mukherji, S. 2008. Strain specificity in antimicrobial activity of silver and copper nanoparticles. Acta Biomaterialia, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 707-716. 16. Sheny, D.S., Mathew, J., and Philip, D. 2011. Photosynthesis of Au, Ag and Au-Ag bimetallic nanoparticles using aqueous extract and dried leaf of Anacardium occidentale. Spectrochimica Acta Part A Mol Biomol Spectrosc., vol. 79, no. 1, pp. 254–262. 17. Singh, A.P., Rawat, V.K., Behera, S.K., and Khare, P.B. 1992. Perspectives of pteridophytes biodiversity: a source of economy elevation. National conference on biodiversity, development and poverty alleviation, Uttar Pradesh State Biodiversity Board, pp. 46-49. 18. Srivastavet A., Yadav K.K., Yadav S., Gupta N., Singh J.K., Katiyar R., & Kumar V. (2018).Nano-phytoremediation of pollutants from contaminated soil environment: current scenario and future prospects. Phytoremediation: Management of Environmental Contaminants, 6, 383-40. 19. Wang HK, Yi CY, Tian L, et al. Ag-Cu bimetallic nanoparticles prepared by microemulsion method as catalyst for epoxidation of styrene. J Nanomater. 2012. doi:10.1155/2012/453915. 20. WHO. 2000. Methods and data sources for global burden of disease estimates 2000-2011. Geneva: Department of Health Statistics and Information Systems. 21. Wiley, B.J., Im, S.H, Li, Z, McLellan, J., Siekkinen, A., and Xia, Y. 2006. Maneuvering the surface plasmon resonance of silver nanostructures through shape-controlled synthesis. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, vol. 110, no. 32, pp. 15666-15675.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Transfer of Copyright and Permission to Reproduce Parts of Published Papers.
Authors retain the copyright for their published work. No formal permission will be required to reproduce parts (tables or illustrations) of published papers, provided the source is quoted appropriately and reproduction has no commercial intent. Reproductions with commercial intent will require written permission and payment of royalties.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.