DETECTING SARS-COV-2 THROUGH RT-PCR UTILIZING VARIOUS SAMPLE ORIGINS
Main Article Content
Keywords
COVID-19, Swab, Nasopharynx, Emergency, Infection, RtPcR
Abstract
Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the predominant diagnostic method for detecting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This technique applies to various sample types, including nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS), oropharyngeal swabs (OPS), and self-collected saliva. However, the absence of positive results does not conclusively rule out infection. Methods: A comprehensive review was undertaken to analyse the strengths and limitations of existing diagnostic approaches for nonserologic detection of SARS-CoV-2 using RT-PCR. The article also suggests practical measures to enhance diagnostic reliability. Results: Among the initially identified 56 papers, 16 papers (encompassing 452 patients) were included in the review. Most papers present findings from diverse samples in limited case series, with a notable absence of comparative studies. Conclusions: The diagnostic accuracy of NPS and OPS is less than optimal, and the risk of aerosol dispersal contamination is noteworthy. SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be detected in self-collected saliva specimens from many infected individuals within 7 to 10 days after symptom onset. There is an urgent need for comparative trials to establish the preferred diagnostic modality. Adequate education and training of healthcare personnel are imperative
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