MICROBIOME STUDIES FROM SAUDI ARABIA OVER THE LAST 10 YEARS: ACHIEVEMENTS, GAPS, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Main Article Content
Keywords
microbiome, metagenome, health, environment, surveillance, novel bioactive compounds, antimicrobial resistance, food processing, novel strains, space biology, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
Over the last decade, research on the microbiome has demonstrated significant promise in terms of advancing our comprehension of the structures and functions of microbiomes in diverse biomes and harnessing this knowledge for the benefit of humanity. Geographical, ecological, ethnic, industrial, and scientific capabilities abound in Saudi Arabia. As a result, Saudi Arabia possesses considerable capacity to conduct and implement applications and research pertaining to the microbiome. Nevertheless, an analysis of Saudi Arabia's position in relation to worldwide trends in microbiome research is currently unavailable. This article compares the research on the metagenome-assisted microbiome conducted in Saudi Arabia to the worldwide emphasis on microbiome studies. Additionally, it underscores the deficiencies and domains that warrant the attention of microbiome researchers in Saudi Arabia, as well as potential endeavours that the Saudi government and universities could undertake. The literature review demonstrates that worldwide microbiome research trends encompass a wide range of topics, including surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and environmental and animal health conditions and diseases, investigation of food and food processing, development of innovative industrial enzymes and bioactive pharmaceutical products, and applications in space. In contrast, over the past decade, Saudi microbiome research has been largely inapplicable and restricted to a small number of health (human and animal) and environmental/ecological aspects. In order to align with global trends, Saudi Arabia should increase its emphasis on applied microbiome research via initiatives from the government, academia, and industry, as well as international cooperation.
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