LONGEVITY AND EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT DENTURE BASE MATERIALS
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Keywords
Denture base materials, Longevity, Polymethyl methacrylate, Polyamide, Metal reinforcement, Prosthodontics
Abstract
Background: Denture base materials play a crucial role in restoring oral function and aesthetics in edentulous patients. Over the decades, a variety of polymers and metals have been utilized to fabricate dentures, with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) being the most commonly employed. However, newer materials such as polyamides, high-impact PMMA, and metal-reinforced bases have emerged with claims of improved durability, comfort, and biocompatibility. Evaluating the longevity and efficacy of these denture base materials is essential to optimize clinical outcomes, reduce prosthesis fractures, and enhance patient satisfaction. Methods: A prospective, comparative study was designed to assess the in vivo longevity and patient-reported efficacy of four denture base materials: conventional PMMA, high-impact PMMA, polyamide-based, and metal-reinforced denture bases. A total of 80 edentulous participants were recruited and allocated into four groups (n = 20 each). All participants underwent standard denture fabrication protocols and were followed for 12 months to evaluate fracture rate, adjustment frequency, comfort, and overall satisfaction. Results: High-impact PMMA showed a significantly lower fracture incidence and fewer post-insertion adjustments compared to conventional PMMA. Polyamide-based dentures demonstrated improved comfort scores but were associated with slightly higher rates of discoloration over time. Metal-reinforced dentures exhibited the highest strength with minimal fractures; however, patient satisfaction varied depending on weight perception and thermal conductivity. Overall, high-impact PMMA and metal-reinforced dentures had superior longevity, whereas polyamide-based dentures excelled in short-term comfort. Conclusion: In the short-term and within the constraint of the 12-month followup, the high-impact PMMA and metalreinforced dentures displayed higher longevity than the conventional PMMA. Polyamide-based dentures presented significant benefits in initial comfort. Long-term studies with higher sample groups are suggested to be used to validate the findings and direct material selection for complete denture construction.
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